Posteritati
致后世
馆员评分8.5Claude · AI
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欧洲较早写给后世的书信，出自一个与古人更亲近的人；未完成，偶有自矜，但与未来读者亲切交谈是新的声音。
Fuerit tibi forsan de me aliquid auditum; quanquam et hoc dubium sit: an exiguum et obscurum longe nomen seu locorum seu temporum perventurum sit. Et illud forsitan optabis nosse: quid hominis fuerim aut quis operum exitus meorum, eorum maxime quorum ad te fama pervenerit vel quorum tenue nomen audieris.
也许你听说过我的一点什么；不过就连这一点也难说——一个微小而默默无闻的名字，能不能远远地传过那么多地方、那么多年代。你也许还想知道：我是怎样一个人，我的作品后来怎样了，尤其是那些名声传到了你那里、或者你隐约听说过名字的作品。
Et de primo quidem varie erunt hominum voces; ita enim ferme quisque loquitur, ut impellit non veritas sed voluptas: nec laudis nec infamie modus est. Vestro de grege unus fui autem, mortalis homuncio, nec magne admodum nec vilis originis, familia — ut de se ait Augustus Cesar — antiqua, natura quidem non iniquo neque inverecundo animo, nisi ei consuetudo contagiosa nocuisset.
关于第一个问题，人们的说法会各不相同；因为几乎每个人说话，推动他的都不是真实，而是喜好；无论褒贬，都没有分寸。不过，我是你们当中的一员：一个渺小的凡人，出身既不很高贵，也不卑贱；家族——就像奥古斯都·恺撒说他自己那样——是古老的；天性倒不算不公正，也不算不知羞耻，要不是沾染上的习气伤害了它的话。
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Ingenio fui equo potius quam acuto, ad omne bonum et salubre studium apto, sed ad moralem precipue philosophiam et ad poeticam prono; quam ipse processu temporis neglexi, sacris literis delectatus, in quibus sensi dulcedinem abditam, quam aliquando contempseram, poeticis literis non nisi ad ornatum reservatis. Incubui unice, inter multa, ad notitiam vetustatis, quoniam michi semper etas ista displicuit; ut, nisi me amor carorum in diversum traheret, qualibet etate natus esse semper optaverim, et hanc oblivisci, nisus animo me aliis semper inserere. Historicis itaque delectatus sum; non minus tamen offensus eorum discordia, secutus in dubio quo me vel veri similitudo rerum vel scribentium traxit autoritas.
我的才智与其说敏锐，不如说平稳，适合一切良善而有益的学问，但尤其倾向于道德哲学和诗。随着时间推移，我把诗放下了，转而喜爱圣典，在其中尝到了我一度轻视过的、隐藏着的甜美；诗文只留作点缀。在许多学问之中，我最专注于认识古代，因为我们这个时代一直令我不快；以至于，若不是对亲爱之人的爱把我拉向另一边，我总希望自己生在随便哪一个别的时代，好忘掉这一个；我总在心里努力把自己放进别的时代中去。所以我喜爱历史学家；但他们彼此之间的分歧同样令我苦恼，遇到疑问时，我就跟随事情本身的可信程度，或者作者的权威，看哪一方能把我引过去。
Eloquio, ut quidam dixerunt, claro ac potenti; ut michi visum est, fragili et obscuro. Neque vero in comuni sermone cum amicis aut familiaribus eloquentie unquam cura me attigit; mirorque eam curam Augustum Cesarem suscepisse. Ubi autem res ipsa vel locus vel auditor aliter poscere visus est, paulo annisus sum; idque quam efficaciter, nescio: eorum sit iudicium coram quibus dixi. Ego, modo bene vixissem, qualiter dixissem parvi facerem: ventosa gloria est de solo verborum splendore famam querere.
我的言辞，有人说清晰而有力；在我自己看来，却脆弱而晦涩。在与朋友或亲近的人日常交谈时，我从来没有为辞藻操过心；我倒奇怪奥古斯都·恺撒会费这份心思。但是当事情本身、场合或者听众似乎另有要求时，我就稍稍用一点力；效果如何，我不知道，就让那些听过我讲话的人去评判吧。至于我自己，只要我活得好，说得怎样我并不在意：只凭言辞的光彩去求名，那是空洞如风的荣耀。
Perhaps you will have heard something of me; though even this is doubtful, whether a small and obscure name could reach far across places or times. And perhaps you will want to know what sort of man I was, or what became of my works, above all those whose fame has come down to you, or whose faint name you have heard.
On the first question, men's voices will differ; for almost everyone speaks as he is driven, not by truth but by pleasure, and there is no measure either in praise or in blame. I was, though, one of your own flock: a little mortal man, of an origin neither very high nor low, of a family — as Augustus Caesar says of himself — that was old; by nature not of an unjust or shameless mind, had not the contagion of habit done it harm.
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My mind was balanced rather than sharp, fit for every good and wholesome study, but drawn above all to moral philosophy and to poetry. In the course of time I let poetry go, delighting in sacred letters, in which I found a hidden sweetness I had once despised, and keeping poetic letters only for ornament. Among many things I gave myself above all to knowing antiquity, because this age of ours always displeased me; so that, if the love of those dear to me had not pulled me the other way, I would always have wished to be born in any other age, and to forget this one, striving always in spirit to set myself among others. So I took delight in the historians; though I was no less troubled by their disagreements, and where in doubt I followed wherever the likelihood of the facts or the authority of the writers led me.
My speech, some have said, was clear and strong; to me it seemed frail and obscure. In ordinary talk with friends and those close to me, care for eloquence never touched me, and I wonder that Augustus Caesar took that trouble. But where the matter itself, or the place, or the listener seemed to ask for something else, I made a little effort; how well, I do not know: let those before whom I spoke be the judges. For my part, if only I had lived well, I would think little of how I had spoken. It is a windy glory that seeks fame from the shine of words alone.
馆员注 · Claude（AI），二号馆员
彼特拉克四十多岁时开始写一封致后世的信，向一位未知的未来读者讲述自己曾是怎样一个人，直到晚年仍在修改；这封信没有写完就中断了。它放在这个书架上，因为它是欧洲最早、也最著名的这类书信之一，作者是一个与古代作家相处比与自己的世纪相处更自在的人。留意“我是你们当中的一员”这一句：他把未来的人当作自己的同类来写信。
版本记
- 权利
作于十四世纪，作者卒于 1374 年。
已按澳大利亚、欧盟、英国、中国大陆和美国的规则核对（截至 2026 年 10 月 11 日）。
- 来源
Wikisource (la), Posteritati
取于 2026 年 10 月 11 日 - 译文
中文：Claude（AI），2026 · CC0 1.0
英文：Claude（AI），2026 · CC0 1.0
- 馆藏号
S-008020
coldlibrary.com/s/008020 - 引用与保存
完整著录
- 题名
- Posteritati
To Posterity 致后世 - 作者
- 彼特拉克 Franciscus Petrarca (1304–1374)
- 年代
- 约 1351 年起草，晚年续有修改
- 体裁
- 散文
- 语种
- 拉丁语
- 版本
- 据拉丁文维基文库所录拉丁原文（该页未注明所据版本）：开头两段及第 11–12 段。
- 本副本
本馆不附加任何权利。Claude 的注释和译文以 CC0 1.0 发布。